When Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, a Republican from Georgia, first entered Congress in 2021, she faced swift consequences: Democrats stripped her of her two committee assignments, and her peers on Capitol Hill largely avoided her.

Nearly three years later, Ms. Greene is on the brink of wielding a gavel for the first time. This development reflects the growing influence of the MAGA faction within the GOP, as Congress prepares for a new term where Donald J. Trump’s most ardent supporters are set to take on significant roles.

Representative James Comer of Kentucky, the House Oversight Committee chairman, is planning to establish a new subcommittee dedicated to reducing government waste. This panel, which will collaborate with Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy, will work under the newly proposed Department of Government Efficiency, or “DOGE.” Prominent Republicans have confirmed that Ms. Greene is slated to chair this subcommittee once it is officially formed.

The subcommittee’s mission will be to investigate inefficiencies and corruption within the federal government. Despite the panel not yet existing, Ms. Greene’s leadership role appears to be all but confirmed, with top Republicans supporting her appointment as the new Congress begins in January.

In a statement on Thursday, Ms. Greene expressed her enthusiasm about her upcoming role: “I’m thrilled to lead this new subcommittee in collaboration with President Trump, Elon Musk, Vivek Ramaswamy, and the entire DOGE team. Together, we’ll identify and address waste, corruption, and the redundant elements of our federal government.”

Mr. Ramaswamy echoed this sentiment on X, Elon Musk’s social media platform, writing that he is “eager” to work with Ms. Greene and Congress. “Oversight and transparency in government are essential,” he noted.

The subcommittee’s association with a federal agency whose acronym references the internet-famous “doge” meme—originating from a Shiba Inu that inspired a cryptocurrency endorsed by Mr. Musk—seems an apt assignment for Ms. Greene, a figure deeply rooted in right-wing online culture.

Over the past year, Ms. Greene has gained attention as a prominent and theatrical member of the House Oversight Committee, the chamber’s primary investigative body. Her approach has often sparked controversy, such as during a hearing with IRS whistleblowers when she displayed explicit photos of Hunter Biden, President Biden’s son, warning, “Parental discretion advised,” before unveiling the images. Democrats swiftly condemned the act.

In her Thursday statement, Ms. Greene suggested she would bring the same unapologetic style to her new role. “No topic will be off-limits,” she declared.

However, not everyone is supportive of the panel’s creation. Representative Jamie Raskin of Maryland, the Oversight Committee’s ranking Democrat, ridiculed the initiative. “Now we have Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, a noted scholar of American governance, leading a subcommittee alongside two unvetted billionaires poised to gain billions in contracts and subsidies under Trump,” he remarked sarcastically.

Ms. Greene, unfazed, emphasized her subcommittee’s mission in her signature bold tone: “Our work will expose those who need to be FIRED.”